Joining device

ABSTRACT

A joining device for joining first and second board-like furniture parts meeting at an angle, preferably at right angles, with respect to each other, comprising: first and second fittings adapted to be sunk fixedly into first and second mortises respectively in said first and second furniture parts, said first fitting comprising a turn wedge with a snail-shaped locking wedge which is mounted in said first fitting for turning out of a starting position in which it is turned back into the fitting, into a locking position in which it emerges from said first furniture part. The second fitting has in its surface facing the first fitting with the turn wedge, an undercut recess into which the locking wedge can engage. The first and second fittings are in the form of substantially cylindrical plastic drive-in cups adapted to be driven or inserted into the first and second mortises respectively, while the mortises have orifices on one side face of the furniture parts to be joined together. The first mortise is broken-through to an edge of the first furniture part for the passage of the turn wedge, and the first fitting has a flattened portion at its side associated with this break-through such that the flattened portion open for the passage of the turn wedge is approximately flush with the edge when in its proper position of assembly.

This application is a Continuation-In-Part Application of my co-pendingPatent Application, Ser. No. 974,042, filed Dec. 28, 1978 now U.S. Pat.No. 4,272,207.

BACKGROUND

The invention relates to a joining device for the joining together ofboard-like furniture parts meeting preferably at right angles, thejoining device consisting of two fittings which can be sunk fixedly eachinto a mortise in one of the furniture parts to be joined together, thefirst of them containing a locking disk embodying a sickle-shaped hook,which is mounted for rotation in the fitting from a starting position inwhich it is retracted within the fitting, to a locking position whereinit projects from the edge of its related furniture part, while the otherfitting has an undercut recess in its surface facing the fittingprovided with the locking disk.

A joining device of this kind is known (German Gebrauchsmuster No.1,818,201), in which the two fittings are elongated, flat plasticpieces, one of which is inserted into a mating recess cut in the edge ofthe one board-like furniture part and the other is inserted into amating recess cut in the face of the other, corresponding furniturepart, and then they have to be screwed to the furniture part. Themanufacture of the elongated recesses or slots required for theinstallation of the fittings in the furniture part by the use of routingbits is laborious and time-consuming. The assembly of the furnitureparts cannot be fully automated on account of the need to use screws.The known joining device therefore has not been accepted in practice,also because its load-bearing capacity, i.e., its resistance to thepulling of the rotary wedge out of the undercut slot, falls short of therequirements.

THE INVENTION

On the other hand, the object of the invention is to further improve theknown joining device such that it will be able to be installedautomatically in a simple and rapid manner by methods presently employedin furniture manufacture, and at the same time to achieve a substantialimprovement in its load bearing capacity.

Setting out from a joining device of the kind mentioned above, thisobject is achieved in accordance with the invention by constructing bothof the fittings in the form of substantially cylindrical plastic cupswhich can be set or driven into mating mortises provided in one faceside of each of the furniture parts to be joined together, the mortisereceiving the first fitting, i.e., the one provided with the lockingdisk, having an opening cut through the narrow edge of the furniturepiece for the passage of the locking disk, and the fitting beingflattened on the side associated with this opening such that the openflat provided for the passage of the locking disk will be approximatelyflush with the edge of the furniture part. The gains or mortises ofcircular cross section which are needed for the accommodation offittings in cup form can be produced quickly and simply by means of endmills or drilling tools. Furthermore, the cup-shaped fitting has provendesirable because it can be installed by pressing it into the undersizedmortise in a rapid and lasting manner and--what is especiallyimportant--automatically as well.

If the locking hook of the joining device consists of a rim extendingover more than 180° above and below the margin of a disk provided withpivots for mounting in the corresponding fitting, whose locking surfacessituated on opposite sides of the disk and facing the pivots engage,when in the proper joining position, the inner surfaces of two abutmentsprojecting from opposite sides of an elongated slot in the secondfitting, the first fitting, which is provided with the locking disk, iscomposed preferably of a cup consisting of a bottom and a cylindricalwall which is integral therewith and extends as far as the area of theflat, and of an obturator inserted into the open side of the cup, thesockets for the pivots of the locking disk being provided in the floorand in the obturator. The locking disk, therefore, can be inserted intothe pivot socket in the cup when the obturator is removed, and then thecup is closed by putting the obturator into it. In addition to providingfor simple and rapid installation, this division of the fitting is alsoadvantageous because the injection molding dies for the cup and theobturator are of relatively simple design and therefore can bemanufactured economically. The sockets for the pivots of the lockingdisk are injection molded integrally and continuously in the cup bottomand in the obturator. The tightening force exerted on the locking diskin the assembly of a cabinet, therefore, is not applied to the fittingin the area of a parting line, as it would be if, in a fundamentallyconceivable injection molded fitting, the fitting were divided intohalves along its longitudinal vertical central planes. In comparisonwith a fitting divided in this manner, the first fitting composed inaccordance with the invention of a cup and an obturator has aconsiderably greater load bearing capacity.

The first fitting in that case is preferably assembled such that itsobturator is in the interior and its bottom is at the orifice of themortise in the corresponding furniture part, because this will forestallany unintentional separation of the obturator from the cup. It isrecommendable that the bottom project slightly radially beyond an outersurface of the circumferential wall and thus to form a depth stop forthe pressing or driving of the fitting into the mortise in in thecorresponding furniture part. Even if the mortise should accidentally bebored slightly too deep in the furniture part, this can cause nomisalignment of the fitting relative to the corresponding furniturepart, because when the fitting is pressed into the mortise the depthstop will engage the upper, flat side of the furniture part in thecorrect position and then can not be pressed any further into themortise.

The radially projecting portion of the bottom can furthermore beenlarged on the side opposite the flat to form a large-area bearingflange, from whose underside a fastening stud projects at a distancefrom the circumferential wall of the cup, which can be additionallyanchored in a bore in the furniture part. This not only increases theload bearing capacity of the fitting, but also the additional fasteningstud assures the correct angular alignment of the fitting such that theflattened side of the fitting will be precisely flush in the opening inthe side of the mortise in the furniture part.

The obturator is preferably snapped at its edge into a circumferentialgroove provided on the inside surface of the circumferential walladjacent the open end of the cup, in which case it will have on the sidefacing away from the flat at least one wall section projecting into theinterior of the cup and engaging a complementary recess formed in theinterior of the cup. By the form-fitting engagement of the projectingwall section into the complementary recess in the cup, the load bearingcapacity of the fitting is additionally increased.

If the first fitting is made without the above-mentioned bearing flangeprovided with the additional fastening stud, the obturator can also bemade integrally with the cup, being attached to it by a strap.

To facilitate the alignment of the fittings which are to be joinedtogether when a piece of furniture is assembled, the obturator can havein the area of the flat on the fitting that contains the locking disk aprojecting extending in the direction of the second fitting, and in thesecond fitting a complementary recess is then provided to accommodatethe projection when the two fittings are joined together.

Since the load bearing capacity of the first fitting also depends on thetransmission of the pulling force of the locking disk to large bearingsurfaces on the fitting, the bearings provided for the locking disk areformed by bores in abutments made integrally with the bottom in the onecase and the obturator in the other and projecting from the bottomtoward the obturator and from the obturator toward the bottom,respectively, at least the bore in the bottom passing all the waythrough the abutment and the bottom so that the end face of the pivot ofthe locking disk, which is situated in the bore and provided with a toolengaging recess, will be accessible for engagement by a turning tool.The abutments provided with the bearings project from the bottom andfrom the obturator to such a degree that the gap remaining between themcorresponds approximately to the thickness of the web of the lockingdisk. The effective bearing length is thus virtually equal to the heightof the fitting minus the very slight thickness of the web of the lockingdisk.

The axis of rotation of the locking disk is preferably disposed with aslight tilt in the longitudinal central plane of its fitting such thatits end on the side of the bottom of the fitting will be farther awayfrom the second fitting than the end on the obturator side. This resultsin an advantageous angular pull when the two fittings are drawntogether, and the tilt of the axis of rotation permits engagement by theblade of a screwdriver serving to lock up the device, the screwdriverbeing held so as to tilt in the same manner, so that the handle will besufficiently far away from the adjacent furniture part to enable thehand to grasp it easily and turn it.

In an advantageous modification of the invention, the design can also bemade such that the bottom of the cup will be inside of the recess in thecorresponding furniture part, while the cover situated adjacent themouth of the mortise is made of metal and at least a portion of itprojects radially beyond the outside surface of the circumferential wallof the cup and thus simultaneously forms a depth stop for the passing orhammering of the cup into a mortise in the corresponding furniture part.In the assembled state, only the decorative bright or dull metal surfaceof the cover is visible. Since the socket for one of the pivots of thelocking disk is then situated in the cover higher bearing pressures canbe permitted on account of the greater strength of metal material incomparison to plastic, so that the locking disk, therefore, canwithstand greater stress and can be more strongly tightened.

In a preferred further development of this embodiment, the cover issnapped into a circumferential groove in the open side of the cup, andin addition it has a wall section which projects into the interior ofthe cup and engages an associated complementary recess in the interiorof the cup. On the one hand, the assembly of the cover with the cupportion can be performed simply and rapidly in an automatic manner afterthe locking disk has been set in place, and on the other hand, due tothe interlocking engagement of the projecting wall section with thecomplementary recess in the cup, the ability of the device to withstandforces acting in the tightening direction is further increased.

The wall section projecting into the interior of the cup portion fromthe cover advantageously engages the cup interior at the side oppositethe flat.

The radially projecting portion of the cover can in this case too beexpanded on the side opposite the flat to form a large-area supportingflange from whose underside facing the furniture part a fastening plugprojects at a distance from the circumferential wall of the cup portionand can also be anchored in a bore in the furniture part.

It is clear that in this manner not only is the loadbearing capacity ofthe fitting further increased, but the additional fastening plug alsoassures the correct angular alignment of the fitting such that the flatwill be precisely flush with the gap in the edge of the mortise in thecorresponding furniture part. The fastening plug can be made integralwith the metal cover. Alternatively, it can be made of plastic andseparately mounted on the cover, in which case it will be possible tomake the fastening plug expandable in the manner of an expansion plug.

The second fitting is also in the form of a drive-in cup having a bottomat the orifice of the mortise in the corresponding furniture part and acylindrical circumferential wall injection molded integrally therewith,the slot provided with the locking abutments being provided in thebottom. The circumferential wall of the second fitting is reinforcedagainst radial compression by at least two, preferably three or moreribs diagonally joining opposite areas of the inner surface of thecircumferential wall and offset angularly from one another.

The elongated slot in the bottom of the second fitting, from whose innersurface the locking abutments engaged by the locking disk project,extends preferably only over a portion of the total width of the bottom,so that strap-like portions of the bottom will remain alongside theslot, which will resist being spread apart transversely of their length.

Lastly, it is also recommendable to make the bottom of the secondfitting slightly thicker in the area outside of its engagement with theflat on the first fitting than in the area of engagement, and to make itproject slightly in this area beyond the outer surface of thecircumferential wall, so that in this fitting, too, a depth stop will beformed for the pressing or driving of the fitting into the mortise inthe corresponding furniture part.

If a first fitting having the above-mentioned metal cover or obturatoris used, the design is adapted to the appearance of this fitting suchthat the visible area of the cup of the second fitting outside of thearea of engagement with the flat of the first fitting, is covered by ametal plate which projects beyond the outside surface of thecircumferential wall of the cup and thus likewise forms a depth stop forthe pressing or hammering of the second fitting into the mortise in thecorresponding furniture part.

It is desirable for the metal plate to have on its flat side facing thecup of the second fitting at least one projection which can be snappedinto a corresponding opening in the cup.

The rim of the locking disk of the first fitting can have, at its frontend which at the beginning of the locking procedure first comes intoengagement with the abutments of the second fitting, a prolongationwhich remains protruding from the flat of the first fitting when thedisk is in its completely withdrawn position, and which acts as a catchsection and spans any gap that may still exist between the fittings atthe beginning of the locking procedure. The locking disk thus designedcan therefore still act even though there might be a rather large gapbetween the fittings as a result, for example, of the warping of one ofthe furniture parts.

At the same time the design is best made such that the catch surfaces ofthe prolongation of the rim facing the pivots of the locking disk andprolonging the helical locking surfaces adjoin the locking surfaces inan approximately tangential relationship.

To assure that this catch section is not withdrawn into the fittingaccidentally, say by turning the locking disk in the wrong direction, sothat it would no longer serve its intended purpose, it is desirable thatthe prolongation be flared outwardly so as to form at its junction withthe rim of the locking disk an abutment which will engage the firstfitting when the joining device is in position ready for engagement,thereby preventing the above-mentioned withdrawal of the prolongationinto the fitting.

The invention is further explained in the following description ofseveral embodiments in conjunction with the drawing wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of two board-like furniture parts which arejoined together by a first embodiment of a joining device of theinvention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1, inwhich the joining device does not, however, appear in cross section, butin a side elevational view;

FIG. 3 is also a cross-sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1,in which, however, the joining device is also cross-sectioned, i.e., isrepresented in a central cross-section;

FIG. 4 is a view of the bottom of the first fitting of the joiningdevice of the invention, which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in thefurniture part;

FIG. 5 is a view of the second fitting of the joining device of theinvention, which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 in the vertical furniturepart;

FIG. 5a is a cross-sectional view of the second fitting shown in FIG. 5,taken in the direction of the arrows 5a of FIG. 5;

FIG. 5b is a cross-sectional view taken through a slightly modifiedembodiment of the second fitting, also in the direction of arrows 5a ofFIG. 5;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3, taken throughthe first fitting of a second embodiment of the joining device of theinvention, which is associated with the board-like furniture partrepresented in the horizontal position in FIGS. 1 to 3;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the locking disk used to join the fittingstogether;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows 8of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal central sectional view taken through a modifiedjoining device in accordance with the invention which releasably joinstwo board-like furniture parts meeting at right angles;

FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the first fitting of the joining device asseen in the direction of the arrow 10 in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a top plan view of the cup of the first fitting, as seen inthe direction of arrow 11 in FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a bottom view taken in the same direction as FIG. 10 of thefirst fitting represented in this figure;

FIG. 13 is a top plan view of a modified locking disk; and

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view as seen in the direction of the arrows14-14 of FIG. 13.

The joining device of the invention, represented in FIGS. 1 to 3 anddesignated as a whole by the number 10, serves as illustrated for thejoining together of two board-like furniture parts 12 and 14 which meetat right angles and which might be, for example, the bottom and one sidewall of a cabinet. The cabinet bottom 12 is fastened at one edge 16 to aface of the sidewall 14 by tightening a first fitting 20 of the joiningdevice 10, fastened at least partially in a mortise 18 in the cabinetbottom 12, against a second fitting 24 which is likewise largely sunk ina mortise 22 in the cabinet side wall 14. However, if the edge of theside wall 14 is to be fastened to one face of the bottom 12, the fitting20 will be associated with the side wall and the fitting 24 with thebottom. The recess 18 is cut on the inside of the cabinet bottom 12 withan end mill so close to the edge 16 that the end mill cuts slightlythrough the edge, i.e., the mortise 18 is open at the edge 16. The firstfitting 20 has, in its area within the mortise, the form of asubstantially cylindrical cup 26, except that it has a flat at 28 on theside associated with the opening on the side of mortise 18, this flatbeing flush with the edge of the furniture piece.

The mortise 22 of the second fitting 24 is cut at some distance from theedge of side wall 14 by means of an end mill, and therefore it has acylindrical cross section. The second fitting 24 is thereforeconstructed in the form of a cup 30 in that portion of it which issituated in the mortise 22, and its largely closed bottom 32 closes theorifice of mortise 22, while it is open at the bottom of the mortise. Inthe portion in which the cup bottom 32 faces the flat 28 of the firstfitting, it is flush with the inside of the side wall 14, while it isslightly thicker in the opposite area 34, i.e., it projects above theinside of the side wall 14 and here it projects radially beyond the edgeof the circumferential wall of the cup 30, so that the underside of thisradially projecting area forms a stop limiting the depth to which thefitting can be driven or pressed into the mortise 22 by engaging theinside surface of the side wall 14. The cup 26 of the first fitting 20also has a depth stop having a similar function; the bottom 36 of thiscup, which is approximately at the level of the inside of the cabinetbottom 12 projects slightly above the upper surface of the cabinetbottom and, with the exception of the area of the flat 28, is enlargedto form a radially extending flange 38 whose underside forms the depthstop mentioned above. The flange 38, which is enlarged to a considerableextent on the side opposite the flat 28, is provided on its bottom, atsome distance from the plug, with a fastening plug 40 which engages abore 42 in the cabinet bottom 12 and additionally fastens the fitting 20and aligns it longitudinally. The stud 40 has retaining beads 41 ofsaw-tooth cross section projecting from the plug circumference, which,after the fitting 20 has been driven in, cut into the walls of the bore42 and thus provide additional security against the tearing out of thestud 40 and hence of the fitting 20. In the direction of pull, i.e., inthe direction of the longitudinal central axis, the stud'scircumferential wall facing the second fitting 24 is, however, plain, soas to assure that the plug will have a broad support on the wall of thebore in the direction of stress. The opposite side of thecircumferential wall of the cup 26, on the other hand, is kept smooth sothat no interlocking of the teeth with the next fitting 20 can takeplace when the fittings are fed automatically to the installing machine.

The open bottom of the cup 26 is closed with a snap-in obturator 44which reinforces the cup 26 against radial collapse of itscircumferential wall.

To the extent described to this point, the fittings 20 and 24 are madeof plastic by injection molding.

It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the locking disk 46, which is alsorepresented separately in FIGS. 7 and 8, is rotatably mounted in theinterior of the cup 26, and it consists preferably of a disk made ofmetal by the die casting method, having a web 48 which is circular overan angle of slightly more than 180° and has a rectilinear edge over theremaining portion, from whose top and bottom the pivots 50 and 52,respectively, project. A raised rim 54 is formed on each side of the web48 and forms the locking hook whose width increases gradually from oneend to the other as measured parallel to the surface of the disk web, sothat its surfaces facing the pivots form helical locking surfaces. Atthe thicker end of this sickle-shaped locking hook 54 there is an endstop 57 extending a short distance radially inwardly, which, when thefitting 20 is placed against fitting 24, will make contact with theouter surface of the latter fitting 24, thereby deflecting the lockingdisk 46 to its starting position.

The pivots 50 and 52 of the locking disk 46 are journaled in a slightlyinclined attitude in bearings provided in the cup 26 and in theobturator 44. These bearings are constituted by through bores 58 and 60in the cup bottom 36 and in the obturator 44, the bores being providedfor the achievement of a load-bearing surface area sufficient for theaccommodation of high tightening forces in abutments 62 and 64,respectively, which project toward one another from the bottom 36 of thecup 26 and from the obturator 44, respectively, to such an extent thatthe gap remaining between them will just amount to the thickness of theweb portion 48 of the locking disk 46. In the end face of the pivot 50,which is accessible in the open bore 58, there is provided a toolengagement recess 65 in the form of a cross slot into which the blade ofa cross-slot screwdriver can be inserted whereby the rotary wedge can beturned from the position drawn in solid lines in FIG. 3 to the lockingposition represented in broken lines. In this locking position, the rim54 forming the locking hook enters into an elongated slot 66 in thebottom 32 of the second fitting 24 (see also FIG. 5). Two abutments 68project one from each of the opposite lateral faces of the slot 66,their height being such that a gap remains between them correspondingapproximately to the thickness of the web 48 of the locking disk 46. Theinwardly facing backs of the locking abutments 68 are arcuately definedsurfaces whose radius corresponds approximately to the radius of thelocking surfaces 56 of the locking disk 46, the locking abutments 68being offset excentrically from the center of the second fitting 24 inaccordance with the offset of the locking surfaces 56 with respect tothe circumference of the locking disk 46. In order to join together thetwo fittings 20 and 24 when they have been brought into properly alignedengagement, it is necessary, therefore, only to turn the locking disk 46clockwise from the starting position represented in solid lines in FIG.3. The thin tip of the locking hook 56 situated at the bottom in FIG. 7will then enter into the slot 66 in the second fitting and its lockingsurfaces 56 will catch behind the locking abutments 68, as is indicatedin FIG. 3 in broken lines, Due to the helical configuration of thelocking surfaces 56 with respect to the axis of rotation of the lockingdisk 46, as the turning of the hook continues a pull is produced bywhich the two fittings are tightened very forcibly together.

The term "snail-shaped", "spiral-like" or "helical" as used herein inconnection with the locking wedge, and in particular the lockingsurfaces 56, is understood to include not only curves or surfacesfollowing exactly geometrical spirals, such as an Archimedes' spiral ora logarithmic spiral, but also curves whose distance in relation to acircle upon rotation within the area of engagement under considerationhere (that is, over more than 180° but less than 360°) steadily orgradually increases or decreases. Aside from an Archimedes' spiral orlogarithmic spiral, for instance, an involute curve or other geometricalspiral curve may be used and even a circular curve in which the centerof the circle with respect to a reference circle is offset; that is, thecircles extend excentrically with respect to each other.

As seen in FIG. 5, the slot 66 extends over only a portion of the widthof the cup bottom 32. The portions of the cup bottom remaining betweenthe ends of the slot and the circumference of the cup bottom act againstany widening of slot 66 due to the wedging apart of its lateral surfacesand hence of its locking abutments 68.

The second fitting 24 will be especially resistant to theabove-mentioned wedging open of the slot 66 if the slot is provided witha continuous wall around it, in the manner shown in FIG. 5a.

Alternatively, however, the fitting 24 can also have lateral openings 67as in FIG. 5b, in which case the design of the injection molding die forthe production of fitting 24 is simplified in that it becomes possibleto provide mold inserts for the production of the undercut surfaces ofthe locking abutments 68, which can then be extracted laterally throughthese openings 67. Nevertheless, it is to be noted that the productionof the fitting with the recess shown in FIG. 5a is possible by themethods of the tool and die making art.

In order to assure the correct alignment of the two fittings 20 and 24before they are tightened together by means of the locking disk 46, thefirst fitting 20 has on its flat 28 a projection 70 extending towardsthe second fitting, with which there is associated a recess 72 ofcomplementary shape in the second fitting 24 under the slot 66. Thecomplementary shape of projection 70 and of the recess 72 assures thatthe two fittings, when assembled, will be positively aligned with oneanother such that the rotary wedge 46 will be precisely opposite therecess 66.

The projection 70 of fitting 20 is provided on the obturator 44 whichplugs the bottom of the cup 26 of fitting 20. This obturator 44, whichin the embodiment represented in FIGS. 1 to 4 is made as a separatecomponent, is, as shown in FIG. 4, snapped into a circumferential groove74 provided in the inner surface of the cup 26 adjacent the bottom edgethereof. Since the obturator 44 receives the lower pivot 52 of thelocking disk 46, a portion of the tension produced when the locking diskis tightened is transmitted to it. To prevent this portion of thetightening force from pulling the obturator 44 out of thecircumferential groove 74 towards the flat 28, a wall section 76 isprovided on the side farthest from the flat 28 and projects into theinterior of the cup, engaging an associated complementary recess 78 inthe interior of the cup. Therefore, the obturator 44 is additionallyheld in cup 26 against the tightening force, in a positive manner.

In the direction of the bottom of the mortise 18, however, the obturator44 is held in the circumferential groove 74 only by the above-mentionedsnap action. Now, if this mortise 18 happens to be slightly deeper thanthe cup 26 of the first fitting 20 driven into the mortise, and verticalpressure acts upon the wall 14, the obturator 44 with its projection 70engaged in the recess 72 of the second fitting 24 might be forced out ofits fitting. This, however, is prevented by the bottom edge of theportion 34 protruding from the wall 14, this edge being so made anddisposed that when the two fittings are in the properly joined state itwill rest on the top side of the fitting 20.

FIG. 6 shows a modified embodiment of the first fitting which isgenerally identified by the number 80. Fitting 80 is largely the same asfitting 20 as regards the disposition of the locking disk andcooperation with the second fitting 24. Since parts of fitting 80 whichare the same as those of fitting 28 are provided with the same, butprimed reference numbers, it will suffice to refer to the description offitting 20 with regard to what is the same, and to describe thedifferences briefly. The elongated flange 38 on fitting 20, with theadditional fastening stud 40, is not used in the case of fitting 80, andthe latter is accordingly smaller and less conspicuous and consistsvirtually only of the cup 26 closed by the obturator 44'. In contrast tofitting 20, the obturator 44', however, is integral with the cup 26,i.e., the entire fitting 80 with the exception of the locking disk 46 isinjection molded in one piece of plastic, and the correspondinginjection molding die is so constructed that the obturator part isproduced in the position represented in broken lines in the drawing, inwhich it is held together with the cup 26 by a thin, resilientlydeformable link 82, the cup 26 being interrupted adjacent this link. Thelink 82 acts, therefore, like a flexible hinge and permits the obturator44' to be swung from the position represented by broken lines to theproper position represented by solid lines and snapped into the cup 26.On account of the lack of the additional stud 40, the fitting 80 cannotbe loaded to the same extent as the fitting 20, but it is still superiorto fittings of similar, known joining devices.

In FIGS. 9 to 12 there is shown another embodiment of the joining deviceof the invention, which is identified generally by the reference number10'; again, only the differences between this embodiment and thosepreviously described will be dealt with hereinafter, while thedescription given above can be consulted with regard to parts which areidentical to those in the preceding examples and bear the same referencenumbers.

The second fitting 24' of the joining device 10' differs from thepreviously described fitting 24 only in that its bottom 32 is flush withthe surface of the sidewall 14. The area 34, which in the case offitting 24 of joining device 10 was integral with the drive-in cup andwas raised above the inner surface of sidewall 14 and extended radiallybeyond the outside surface of the circumferential wall of the cup 30,is, in the case of fitting 24', replaced by a separate metal plate 33(FIG. 9) placed on the cup bottom 32, which on the one hand forms adecorative mask to conceal the fitting and, in the overlapping area, itsbottom facing the side wall forms a depth stop which, when the fittingis pressed or hammered into the mortise 22, engages the inside surface14a of the sidewall 14. The metal plate 33 is fastened on the secondfitting 24' by means of one or more projections 96, representeddiagrammatically in FIG. 9, which project from its bottom and can besnapped into openings in the cup bottom 32.

A depth stop having the same function is also possessed by cup 26' ofthe first fitting 20', whose closed bottom 35 in this case is situatedwithin the mortise 18, i.e., the opposite of the cup 26 of fitting 20,in that a metal cover 37 likewise made by pressure casting from zinc(Zamak) is snapped into its open mouth situated approximately at thelevel of the inside of the cabinet bottom 12, and, with the exception ofthe area of the flat 28, is enlarged to form a radially extendingsupport flange 38 whose bottom forms the said depth stop. The supportflange 38, which is considerably enlarged on the side opposite the flat28, is provided on its underside, at some distance from the cup, with anadditional fastening plug 40 which is engaged in a bore 42 in thecabinet bottom 12 and which longitudinally aligns fitting 20' andadditionally fixes it.

In FIGS. 11 and 12, the cup 26' and the cover 37 are representedseparately from one another to show how these two parts are joined tothe fitting 20'. The cover 37 is snapped into the open mouth of the cup26', for which purpose it has on its bottom an annular flange 86 (FIG.12) which can be snapped into a slightly undercut circumferential groove84 in the mouth of the cup. To accommodate the locking tension, a wallsection 88, which has a more or less crescent-shaped plan, additionallyprojects on the side opposite the flat 28 to the immediate vicinity ofthe bottom of the cup 26', where it enters a complementary recess 90(FIG. 11) in the cup. At the back side of the wall section 88 facingaway from the flat 28 there is formed a rib 92 which engages a matchinglongitudinal groove 94 in the wall of the recess 90, thereby assuringthat the cover can be snapped into the cup only in a correctly alignedorientation relative to the cup.

In cases of lesser stresses, in which the additional fixation of thefitting 20' by means of the fastening plug 40 is not required, thesupporting flange 38 can also be omitted, so that the cover will then bedefined on the side opposite the flat 28 in the manner indicated by thebroken line 98 in FIGS. 9 and 10.

Finally, in FIGS. 13 and 14 there is represented another development,designated at 46', of a locking disk which can be used in the joiningdevice of the invention, and which differs from the locking disk 46 onlyin that at the tip of the rim 54 forming the locking wedge there isprovided a prolongation 55 forming a catch section which protrudes fromthe flat 28 of the first fitting 20 when the locking disk 46' is in thestarting or engaging position, and spans any initial gap still existingprior to locking with the second fitting 24. The prolongation 55 isshaped such that its catch surfaces 61 forming the continuation of thelocking surfaces 56 adjoin approximately tangentially the lockingsurfaces 56. The prolongation 55, which is sharp-tipped at its frontend, is flared outwardly to the point where it joins the actual lockingwedge, such that an abutment 59 is formed at that point, which preventsthe prolongation from being drawn back into the interior of the fitting20. It is clear that the fact that the prolongation 55 forming the catchsection has a slightly greater diameter than the remainder of thelocking wedge requires that provision be made such that the inside wallof cup 26 or 26' is arcuately recessed in the area where theprolongation 55 of the locking disk 46' re-enters the cup during thelocking procedure. To prevent this recess from excessively weakening theperipheral wall of the cup 26 or 26' it may be desirable to shift theaxis of rotation of the locking disk, and with it the recess in the cupin which the locking disk is housed and the locking disk pivot sockets58 and 60, by approximately one half of the difference between thenormal diameter of the locking element and the outside diameter of theprolongation 55, doing so to a point above the horizontally disposedlongitudinal central plane with respect to FIGS. 4, 10 and 12 and belowit with respect to FIG. 11.

Modifications and further developments of the embodiments described arepossible within the scope of the invention. For example, the lockingdisk can also be disposed with a vertical axis of rotation, i.e., onecoinciding with or parallel to the central axis of the cup 26 or 26'.Furthermore, it is possible to create the depth stop of the secondfitting 24' of the joining device described in conjunction with FIGS. 9to 12, by means of a rim formed integrally with the cup 30 and extendingradially beyond the outer circumference of the latter, as in the case ofthe fittings 24 described before. The metal plate 33 then serves only asa decorative mask for the fitting 24'.

I claim:
 1. A joining device for joining first and second boardlike furniture parts meeting at an angle, preferably at right angles, with respect to each other, comprising: first and second fittings adapted to be mounted fixedly into first and second mortises respectively in said first and second furniture parts, said first fitting comprising a turn wedge with a spiral-shaped locking wedge which is mounted in said first fitting for turning out of a starting position in which it is turned back into said first fitting, into a locking position in which it emerges from said first furniture part, said second fitting having in its surface facing said first fitting, an elongated undercut recess into which the locking wedge can engage, said first and second fittings being in the form of substantially cylindrical, plastic drive-in cups adapted to be inserted into said first and second mortises respectively, said first and second mortises having orifices on one side face of said first and second furniture parts respectively, said first mortise being broken-through to an edge of said first furniture part for the passage of said turn wedge, and said first fitting having a flattened portion at its side associated with said break-through such that the flattened portion open for the passage of the turn wedge is approximately flush with said edge when in its proper position of assembly, said locking wedge being formed by a marginal molding projecting in opposite directions over more then 180° from the marginal portion of a disk-like base part provided with pivots for mounting in said first fitting, said marginal molding having surfaces on opposite sides of said base part, which surfaces extend spiral-like and face said pivots and engage behind inner surfaces of two locking abutments projecting from opposite lateral surfaces of said elongated recess in said second fitting, said first fitting being composed of a cup having a bottom and integral therewith a circumferential wall which is cylindrical with the exception of said flattened portion and which is open on the side opposite to said bottom, and an obturator inserted in the open side of said cup, and bearings for the pivots of the turn wedge being provided in said bottom and in said obturator, the bottom of the cup being located within the mortise of said first furniture part, whereas a cover part located in the area of the opening of the mortise is made from metal and protrudes radially at least in a partial area thereof beyond the outer surface of the circumferential wall of the cup and thereby forms a base abutment when the cup is pressed into or pounded into the mortise of said first furniture part.
 2. A joining device according to claim 1, wherein said cover part is locked within a circumferential groove in the open side of the cup, and in addition is provided with a wall section protruding into the interior of the cup, which wall section engages a complementary recess in the interior of the cup.
 3. A joining device according to claim 2, wherein said wall section protruding into the interior of the cup of the cover engages the interior of the cup on that side thereof which is opposite said flattened portion.
 4. A joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the radially protruding area of the metallic cover is enlarged on that side which faces said flattened portion to form a large-area flange, and a connecting stud anchored in said first furniture part and provided in a bore in said first furniture part, said stud protruding from the bottom side of said flange and facing said first furniture part and being spaced from the circumferential wall of the cup.
 5. A joining device according to claim 4, wherein said connecting stud is made integral with the cover and from metal.
 6. A joining device according to claim 4, wherein the connecting stud is a separate piece made from synthetic material and joined at said cover.
 7. A joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second fitting is in the form of a drive-in cup whose bottom faces the orifice of the mortise in the second furniture part and has an integrally injection molded cylindrical circumferential wall, and wherein the recess provided with the projecting locking abutments is provided in the bottom.
 8. A joining device according to claim 7, comprising at least two supporting walls reinforcing the circumferential wall of the second fitting against radial compression, said supporting walls diagonally joining opposite areas of the inner surface of the circumferential wall and being offset at angles from one another.
 9. A joining device according to claim 7, wherein the recess in the bottom of the second fitting is elongated and extends over only part of the total breadth of the bottom.
 10. A joining device according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the second fitting is, in the area outside of its engagement with the flattened portion of the first fitting, slightly thicker at the outside than in the area of engagement and projects above the outer surface of the circumferential wall and thus forms a depth stop for the pressing or driving of the fitting into the mortise in the second furniture part.
 11. A joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the visible part of the cup of the second fitting outside the abutment of said flattened portion of said first fitting is covered with a metallic plate, said metallic plate protruding beyond the outer surface of the circumferential wall of the cup to thereby form a base abutment when the second fitting is pressed into or pounded into the mortise of the second furniture part.
 12. A joining device according to claim 11, wherein said metallic plate has a flat side which faces said cup, said flat side being provided with at least one protrusion provided with at least one protrusion which is adapted to become locked in a corresponding opening in the bottom of the cup.
 13. A joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said turn wedge has a marginal area and said second fitting having locking abutments, said marginal area having a front end which comes at the beginning of the locking process first into engagement with said locking abutments of the second fitting, said front end having an extension protruding from said flattened portion of said first fitting in the position in which it is completely turned back, said extension forming a catching portion and bridging at the beginning of the locking process a possible gap between said first and second fittings.
 14. A joining device according to claim 13, wherein said extension has catching surfaces facing the pivot of said turn wedge, and extending the locking faces of said turn wedge, said locking faces extending helically, said catching faces following the locking faces approximately tangentially.
 15. A joining device according to claim 13, wherein said extension is thickened in a step where said marginal area actually forming the locking wedge joins, so as to form a somewhat larger outer diameter, while the step surface formed by the step in the diameter forms an abutment in the engagement position of the joining device at the first fitting, which abutment prevents a return rotation of the extension into the interior of the fitting. 